Animal disease detection is a critical step in preventing, controlling, and eradicating animal epidemics. Its core objective is to achieve "early detection, early diagnosis, and early intervention," ensuring safe and productive livestock farming, safeguarding public health—including zoonotic diseases—and maintaining high-quality animal products. A comprehensive animal disease detection solution must cover Target definition for detection, selection of technical methods, sample management, laboratory procedures, result analysis and reporting, and quality control Six core modules, each designed with customization to meet the specific needs of different application scenarios—such as farm self-inspections, official monitoring, and port quarantine.

Animal disease detection technologies are primarily categorized into Pathogen Detection (Direct detection of pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites) and Serological Testing (Indirectly detecting the body's immune response products, such as antibodies and antigens), there are two main categories. Each technology differs significantly in terms of sensitivity, specificity, detection time, and cost, so the appropriate method should be chosen based on the specific detection target.

• Sample Collection : Select the appropriate sample type based on the detection target (e.g., choose nasopharyngeal swabs or tissue for virus detection; select secretions or stool for bacterial testing; use serum for antibody detection). Use sterile sampling tools and meticulously record all sampling details, including the animal ID, sampling time, location, and sample type.
• Sample preservation ：
  • Serum samples should be stored at 4°C for up to 24 hours; for long-term storage, please use -20°C.
  • Pathogen samples (swabs, tissues): Immediately place in a collection tube containing preservation solution (e.g., virus preservation solution with guanidine salts, or bacterial preservation solution with antibiotics). Store at 4°C for no more than 48 hours; for long-term storage, transfer to -80°C.
• Sample Transportation : Use a biosafety transport container (with ice packs/dry ice), affix a "BIOHAZARD" label, and ensure compliance with the requirements of the "Regulations on Biosafety Management of Pathogen Microbiology Laboratories."
• Sample Receiving : The laboratory verifies sample information (completeness, label clarity, and storage condition). Non-compliant samples—such as those that are leaking or deteriorated—must be immediately returned and documented.
• Preparation Before Testing ：
  • Environmental disinfection: Laboratory zoning (clean area, reagent preparation area, sample processing area, amplification area), with dedicated equipment for each zone (such as pipettes and centrifuges) to prevent cross-contamination.
  • Reagent validation: Ensure reagents are within their expiration date, pre-temperature them in advance (e.g., ELISA reagents should be equilibrated to room temperature), and run positive/negative controls.
• Operation during detection ：
  • Serological testing: Strictly control reaction times (e.g., ELISA incubation time, number of wash cycles) to minimize human error during manual operations.
  • Pathogen detection (PCR-based): Wear gloves and change pipette tips during sample handling, and strictly prohibit bringing samples into the amplification area to prevent aerosol contamination.
• Post-processing of detection ：
  • Waste Disposal: Pathogen-containing samples and consumables must be autoclaved (121°C, 30 minutes) before disposal;
  • Equipment Cleaning: Regularly disinfect the PCR machine and biosafety cabinet (e.g., by wiping with 75% alcohol).